Despite regional countries' secrecy, the equipment Tehran targeted was precisely the most important components / Some targets were only a few meters wide or were inside buildings, hidden from satellite view / Iran's attacks show 'expertise in targeting' / In an attack on the port of Fujairah, three crude oil tanks were hit, which, if full, would have held oil worth $75 million
Fuel storage tanks were among the first targets in the Fujairah oil zone, including the refinery and oil port, an area the UAE had used to bypass Iran's blockade of the Strait of Hormuz. Iranian munitions have struck Fujairah at least 19 times since the war began. The first attacks in early March sparked fires that lasted three days.
Reuters wrote: Fuel tanks were among the first targets that were targeted in the Fujairah oil area, including the refinery and the oil port; The area that the United Arab Emirates used to bypass Iran's blockade of the Strait of Hormuz. Iranian ammunition has hit Fujairah at least 19 times since the beginning of the war. The first attacks in early March caused fires that lasted for three days.
According to the Ekhet report, this article continues: Iran's missiles and drones have targeted the infrastructure of the Persian Gulf at least 135 times and have caused chain disruptions; Disorders that countries in the region often hide. Despite repeated claims by officials that the damage was caused by falling debris from intercepted munitions, Reuters found that the equipment targeted was, again and again, precisely the parts that mattered most.
Iran and its proxies have carried out dozens of precision attacks against Persian Gulf infrastructure since the beginning of the war. These attacks have systematically disabled vital equipment and caused widespread economic damage throughout the region by causing chain disruptions. This calculated campaign helps explain why the Islamic Republic has been able to resist the more powerful American military.
Iran and its allies targeted critical oil transmission systems in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates; It is the most important port outside the Strait of Hormuz. The attacks disrupted port operations for weeks.
They also targeted the liquefied natural gas facility in Ras Lafan, Qatar, and hit two units of equipment known as "Cold Boxes"; Equipment that houses the cooling systems needed to convert gas to liquid.
Airports in at least four countries were targeted, and this month, an airport in Saudi Arabia was attacked in four days over a week.
Also, a pumping station along the important Saudi oil pipeline was set on fire and two other stations were damaged; An action that disabled another main alternative route for oil transfer and circumventing the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz.
A Reuters review shows that Iran has carried out at least 135 attacks against civilian infrastructure, in many cases targeting critical equipment. Some of the targets were only a few meters wide or were located inside buildings and were hidden from the satellites. The operation of many of these equipments was also not easily recognizable to people who do not specialize in areas such as oil refining, nuclear technology or metal smelting.
Attacks on Persian Gulf infrastructure have been reported by regional governments and other actors during the war, but usually with little detail. However, the Reuters investigation shows how precise these attacks have been, how they have disabled critical equipment in critical facilities, and the extent of the physical and economic damage caused by them.
Iran has targeted infrastructure throughout the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf; Including in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and Bahrain.
Reuters has learned that the Islamic Republic has carried out at least 135 drone and missile attacks on at least 84 infrastructure centers in the Persian Gulf since the start of the bombing campaign by the US and Israel on February 28.
These attacks have created panic throughout the Persian Gulf, greatly increased the price of oil, and have helped Iran neutralize the military pressure of the United States for several months. Iran's ability to carry out precise attacks, along with the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz by the Islamic Republic, has created a stable threat to the Arab neighbors of this country and has given Tehran considerable influence on the global economy and leverage in peace negotiations with the United States.
Some targets are hidden under roofs and canopies and cannot be seen from space. Others are only a few meters wide. The function of many of them is also not easily recognized without expertise in areas such as oil refining, nuclear technology or metal smelting.
Without field visits to these centers, Reuters could not always determine how successful the air defense systems of the Persian Gulf countries were or what the full extent of the damage was. However, investigations have repeatedly shown that Iran's attacks were precise and that the targeted equipment was of critical importance.
Ryan Stevens, a former US Marine who specialized in coordinating special forces airstrikes and reviewed the findings for Reuters, said Iran's strikes had shown "precision, expertise in targeting and patience".
CCTV images from inside the King Khaled International Airport during the attack that left at least 13 dead on October 10. Airports have been frequent targets of Iranian ammunition. The pro-Iranian Houthis took responsibility for this attack.
America, which has embargoed Iran's oil, has repeatedly underestimated Iran's ability to cause damage. The Arab countries of the Persian Gulf also often refuse to acknowledge extensive damage and in many cases, attribute the damage to their facilities to the fall of Iranian munitions that have been intercepted.
U.S. Navy Capt. Tim Hawkins and spokesman for U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) said, "CENTCOM has been very clear in conveying the message about the threats that Iran poses at the regional and global level."
He [claimed] that the US has repeatedly condemned Iran for "indiscriminately targeting more than a dozen neighboring countries and hundreds of merchant ships, as well as endangering the lives of millions of innocent people in the past seven months."
Iran's UN mission in Geneva, which is responsible for answering questions from international media, did not respond to Reuters' detailed request for comment.
The success of Iran's systematic attacks on infrastructure is another example of the ability of the Islamic Republic to resist years of international economic sanctions and now several months of war with America and Israel.
Some areas have been bombed almost daily and are now facing billions of dollars in repair costs and lost revenue. Others, like one of the world's largest aluminum smelters in Abu Dhabi, were badly damaged in just one day.
Some of these attacks have been carried out by Iran-backed Houthis in Yemen and Iraqi Shiite militias that are directed from Tehran.
Fujairah port was among the targets that suffered the most attacks. The location of this port in the south of the Strait of Hormuz allowed the UAE to bypass Iran's blockade. Facilitating the most severe oil supply disruption in decades, Fujairah had become a vital artery of global trade.
In total, Iranian drones and missiles have hit Fujairah at least 19 times since the war began on February 28, disrupting vital parts of the port's operations, Reuters has found.
"We could see drones coming and helicopters destroying them in the sky," said a foreign businessman who watched a wave of attacks from a road near the port in mid-March.
He added: "They sent large groups of drones and one or two of them passed through the defense barrier."
A Reuters review of footage of the attack confirmed the witness' account.
Reuters interviewed 36 people with knowledge of the infrastructure attacks, collected images and videos of the attacks, and analyzed official statements and data from radar, optical satellites and weather satellites for evidence of damage and the timing of the attacks.
Before publishing the report, the reporters shared their findings with facility operators and the governments of the countries targeted by the attacks.
Oil tanks in Oman's Salalah port are burning after an attack on an oil storage facility. Marine security firm Ambri said the storage facility was targeted on March 11, the same day the video was released. Ambassador Arjan of Oman announced that there was no disruption in oil supply.
In at least 34 official statements after the attacks, governments emphasized that any damage was caused by falling debris from intercepted munitions.
The air defense systems of the Persian Gulf countries have been deployed near some of the most sensitive facilities. Among other things, Janes Defense Intelligence Company has confirmed by analyzing satellite images that American-made Patriot defense systems were located about three kilometers north of Fujairah.
In response to Reuters' detailed questions about the report's findings, the UAE government said: "History has shown that instability in the Middle East often transcends regional borders and has far-reaching consequences." In this situation, renewed efforts to de-escalate tensions are necessary to avoid the possibility of the conflict escalating into a wider war.
The Persian Gulf countries limit information on the amount of damages. In the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, it is illegal to photograph or publish certain images and videos of the aftermath of the attacks.
These countries also regularly invoke laws against the spread of rumors and disinformation when limiting media coverage of attacks. Reuters and other international media have published verified video evidence of the attacks during the war.
"Gulf countries now treat damage assessments like state secrets," said Matthew Reed, head of the oil consulting firm "Foreign Reports."
The U.S. and Israel have also withheld information about damage to U.S. bases and Israeli facilities, but many details have been released through government reports and media reports, including Reuters.
The government of Bahrain, the only government in the region to respond to questions about the media restrictions, said the restrictions were in place to "protect public safety, preserve the integrity of the investigative process and prevent this material from being used to assess or plan further attacks."
Iran's attacks on the economic infrastructure of the Persian Gulf have been carried out at the same time as the attacks on the US military assets in the region. The Inspector General of the US Department of Defense has announced to the Congress that Iran has targeted hundreds of structures in the US bases and, in addition, has damaged dozens of airplanes.