El Niño Records Historic 29.7°C Reading in Pacific Ocean

El Niño is expected to push global warming to a new record in 2027.

El Nino is expected to increase global warming to a new record in 2027.

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The El Niño climate phenomenon in September of this year raised the temperature of the Pacific Ocean to a historical record of 29.7 degrees Celsius in one of the regions. The European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service announced on Monday that this new record is a sign of the intensity of El Nino; A phenomenon that can increase the risk of droughts and floods and intensify global warming.

Weather forecasters have been warning for months that the current El Niño could become the strongest on record. The new record was recorded before this phenomenon reaches its expected peak at the end of this year.

Copernicus announced that the water surface temperature in an area of the Pacific called Niño 3.4, which is used to monitor El Niño, reached 29.70 degrees Celsius in September. This value is higher than the maximum temperature recorded during strong El Nino periods in 1982-1983, 1997-1998 and 2015-2016.

However, Copernicus emphasized in a conversation with Ambassador Arjan that it is still not possible to say with certainty that the current El Niño is the strongest example recorded in history.

Comparing the intensity of El Niño in different periods has become more complicated due to the warming of the oceans due to climate change. Rising ocean temperatures can make new El Niños appear stronger than past ones.

To account for this process, Copernicus has used a new index that includes the warming of tropical oceans in the calculations. Based on this index, the current El Nino is still not stronger than the previous ones.

However, this European institution says that the values recorded in September indicate the formation of El Niño with exceptional intensity; Especially since this phenomenon has not yet reached its peak.

Not all meteorological organizations use the same scale to evaluate the intensity of El Niño. The Japan Meteorological Agency announced on Friday that El Nino conditions had reached their "highest intensity on record" and that temperatures in the area monitoring the phenomenon were 4 degrees Celsius above normal.

Along with the strengthening of El Nino, the global average sea surface temperature also hit a record in September. According to Copernicus data, the average reached 21.05 degrees Celsius, surpassing the previous record of 20.92 degrees in September 2023. According to this report, this September was the second warmest September on record. The average temperature of the air near the earth's surface around the world reached 16.27 degrees Celsius.

The global temperature in September was 1.63 degrees Celsius higher than the average of the pre-industrial period, i.e. the years 1850 to 1900.

In the 2015 Paris climate agreement, countries committed to keeping global warming well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and working to limit it to 1.5°C. However, the United Nations announced in September that the long-term goal of 1.5 degrees will not be met within the next few years.

Experts have warned that the current El Nino may push global temperatures to a new record in 2027. By warming the surface waters of the central and eastern parts of the Pacific near the equator, El Niño changes wind patterns, air pressure and precipitation in different parts of the world. This phenomenon usually occurs once every two to seven years and lasts for about 9 to 12 months.

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