Guide table for the correct use of antibiotics

When do colds, flu, sore throat and bronchitis not need antibiotics? Read the guide table for proper use and side effects of self-treatment.

According to Ambassador Arjan's report, quoted by Rokna, have you caught a cold? do you cough Do you have a sore throat or runny nose? You don't necessarily need antibiotics. Many common infections are viral in origin and antibiotics do not work against viruses. Unnecessary use of these drugs may not only not help recovery, but can cause side effects and promote the spread of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics are essential and even life-saving in the treatment of some bacterial infections; Therefore, it is not a matter of avoiding them all the time, but they should be consumed only when needed and with a doctor's prescription.

This table is a general guide and does not take the place of medical diagnosis. Even diseases that are often treated without antibiotics can sometimes develop bacterial complications or require further investigation.

Most colds are viral. Even yellow or green nasal discharge alone does not prove that it is a bacterial infection. Rest, fluid intake, and symptomatic care are usually sufficient.

Antibiotics do not kill the flu virus. For some people, especially those at risk of severe disease, antiviral medications may be appropriate and should be discussed with a doctor early.

A sore throat can be viral or bacterial, and symptoms alone are not always enough to make a diagnosis. If a streptococcal infection is suspected, the doctor may order a diagnostic test.

Acute bronchitis is often caused by a virus, and antibiotics usually don't help. If you have shortness of breath, chest pain, significant fever, or severe symptoms, a medical evaluation is needed to rule out the possibility of an illness such as pneumonia.

Many cases of sinusitis are viral and do not require antibiotics. Severe symptoms, persisting for more than 10 days without improvement, or symptoms worsening again after initial improvement, are reasons to check with a doctor.

Taking antibiotics without medical need has various risks:

Antibiotic resistance: Bacteria may become resistant to drugs, making subsequent infections more difficult to treat.

Gastrointestinal side effects: Nausea, diarrhea and abdominal pain are possible side effects of some antibiotics.

Allergic reactions: Some people may develop skin rashes or serious allergic reactions.

Disruption of the body's beneficial microbes: Antibiotics can change the balance of the body's natural microbes.

Serious intestinal infection: In some people, taking antibiotics can increase the risk of an infection caused by C. difficile bacteria.

The important point is that antibiotic resistance does not mean that the human body becomes resistant; Rather, bacteria become resistant to drugs.

1. Do not start antibiotics on your own.

Leftover medication from a previous illness or someone else's medication may not be appropriate for your current illness.

2. Do not share the medicine with others.

The choice of medicine depends on the type of infection, the individual's condition and history of sensitivity.

3. Do not change the dosage and duration of use arbitrarily.

4. Inform about allergies and other medications.

Before starting the treatment, tell the doctor about your drug allergies and the drugs or supplements you are taking.

5. Do not keep the remaining medicine for the next illness.

Ask your pharmacist for advice on storing or disposing of extra medication.

6. Do not ask for antibiotics for a viral illness.

A doctor can determine the appropriate way to control symptoms or the possible need for testing.

7. In case of severe symptoms, do not delay the visit.

Shortness of breath, confusion, severe pain, or significant worsening of the condition requires immediate evaluation.

If you have a high or persistent fever, symptoms have worsened after improvement, cough is accompanied by shortness of breath, or you feel significant pain, it is best to get a medical evaluation. If you have severe difficulty breathing, bruised lips, sudden confusion, or signs of a severe allergic reaction, seek emergency care immediately. Remember: The goal is not to avoid antibiotics in all situations; The goal is to get it right when it really matters.

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